Negotiating a Peace

Description: What was the turning point in the North Ireland peace process?

Question: What was your hope for Northern Ireland?

Transcript: Well even _________ I don’t use the term Northern Ireland. It was interesting that even yet, I’ve never felt a oneness with the place. I’ve always been conscious of _________. And in fact they depended upon these conditions to keep them in a position of _________. It was only as you started to work your way through all of that that you realized it wasn’t just a simple task; that this was a journey. __________ it’s a life journey. You know had the unionists ______ reformed, arguably we would be living in a united Northern Ireland today now some almost 40 years later. But certainly there would not have been a conflict. There would not have been the war that we’ve all came through. As it turned out, the unionists did resist it. The reforms which were necessary crack down on what was a very pacifistic _________. It was based upon the American civil rights movement. We even used the same anthem of “We Shall Overcome”. The British state upheld the unionist position. The British government . . . the Labor government at that time brought troops in to uphold the position, to hold the _________. And within a few short years it was back to what Irish history has known for all of our existence. It was back to conflict between the government or the army of our nearest neighbor, Britain – on those in Ireland who want a republic, or who wanted Irish freedom, or who wanted ________.

Question: What was the turning point in the Northern Ireland peace process?

Transcript: Well it’s been a very long path. You know it’s . . . This reminds me of a very good friend of mine who is a really wonderfully well-known singer. And he was discovered after 30 years on the road. So I suppose the turning point of the Irish process was when we persuaded others of the value of dialogue and inclusivity. Once . . . once we got to that point, even though it maybe took us 20 more years to get to where we are now, dialogue is crucial. Political will is crucial. But inclusivity is just absolutely fundamental to our process.

Question: Looking back, would you have done anything differently?

Transcript: Well it’s hard to know. I used to bother myself with that question – you know why couldn’t we have done 30 years ago what we did 10 years ago? Why couldn’t . . . ____ look at the years 2004 to 2007, and it’s . . . it’s a collection of pieces I wrote as events were developing or immediately after events had occurred. So even from my own point of view, it was interesting to look at what I’d written at the time. So if you . . . if you have political will to make . . . to make something happen, it’s a matter then of getting other people who may have a ______ view . . . who may have the total opposite point of view into the same . . . the same frame. So a lot of . . . a lot of the work is really, really tedious. It’s really detailed. It’s away from . . . It’s away from the public . . . the public search light. And to tell you the truth for most people it’s probably boring. And maybe that’s what history is like – you know when you read the history book and something is reduced to one chapter or one paragraph. So in . . . in all of this, I mean if I could put on my hat depending on where you want to start, if the British had never come to Ireland the way that they did, we would never have had a conflict. The question reminds me of an old Irish joke about a tourist stopping a person on the road and asking them how would they get to Carey. And the person they stopped said, “Well if I was going to Carey, I wouldn’t start from here.” So it’s impossible to know what could have been done differently. I’m a bit more philosophical about it now. It would have been better if this had been sorted out a long time ago. It would have been better if people hadn’t of been killed. But I do think there is, as Shakespeare said, a tide in the affairs of men. So it took a John Hume; it took a Tony Blair; it took a Bill Clinton and on __________, I suppose. The efforts just didn’t work.

Recorded on: 10/8/07